1657年歐洲運用擺錘與具遊絲擺輪於機械鐘錶上，不同於中國的水力式機械鐘，型體較小、走時準確、報時直觀、使用簡單、造型多樣。

In 1657, Europe utilized pendulums and balance wheels in mechanical clocks, which is different from the water-powered mechanical clocks of China. These European clocks were smaller, more accurate, intuitive, easy to use, and came in various designs.